|
Page 1 of 5
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a principal involving the synovium and surrounding tissues of the multi-system inflammatory disease, manifested as chronic multiple arthritis, late articular cartilage and bone damage. It is estimated, RA reduces life expectancy an average of 5 ~ 10 years, hence the "second cancer," said. In Europe and the United States adult prevalence of 0.8% ~ 1.0%, the incidence of 20 to 50-year-old young adults are mostly women, the incidence of male 2 ~ 3 times. The cause of Rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, considered to genetic factors, environmental factors, such as infections, smoking, and women's pregnancy and other related. 1. Genetic factorsSome experts believe that genetic factors on the incidence of 20% of the RA work. Studies have shown that there is familial aggregation of RA. del Junco D, etc. through the 78 RA proband relatives of 1631 compared with the general population, a relative of the OR value of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.0 ~ 2.9). In addition, Silman AJ and so on more than 370 relatives of RA patients with a family of 5-year follow-up found 14 new cases of people, the annual incidence rate of 8 ‰, there is no control, but the general population can be estimated with the other studies the annual incidence rates are generally lower than 0.5 ‰. Koumantaki Y such reports, in Greece on 126 patients and 94 controls of the survey showed that one of their relatives are sick OR value of 4.4. In 2001 Iceland Grant SF such reports, first-degree relatives (siblings) of risk RR value of 4.38 (95% CI: 3.26 ~ 5.67), greater than 2 relative risk RR values of 1.95 (95% CI: 1.52 ~ 2.43). Darwish MJ, etc. carried out by case-control study of family history of RA were found OR of 2. According to statistics, the incidence of first-degree relatives of 5% incidence of monozygotic twins consistent rate of 32%, dizygotic twins (or brother) the same incidence rate of 9%. Aho K such as that undertaken in the cohort study, observation Finland 4 137 pairs of monozygotic and 9 of 162 pairs of same-sex dizygotic twins, the result has 261 pairs of patients, occurred in monozygotic twins, the rate of RA in the same (concordance rates) 12.3 %, dizygotic 3.5%, the researchers noted that the results reported in twins than in the past research results must be low, but the other issues on the RA of the genetic results are consistent with the household survey. Also in 1993, Silman AJ and other studies also showed the same results: in monozygotic twins, the consistency of RA incidence was 15.4%, dizygotic twins and 3.6%. There are pairs of twins investigations do not support the above results. Svendsen AJ such reports in 2002 in Denmark of 37 338 pairs of twin studies, monozygotic twins, probands with the disease rate was 0, while dizygotic twins, probands with the disease rate was 8.8%, suggesting the occurrence of RA in , genetic factors played a little. A number of studies have shown that RA and autoimmune diseases, genetic-related. Sany J such reports in 1998, in Paris, France to the 1629 RA patients cross-sectional survey showed that 11% of patients have a family history of RA, 2% of patients have a family history of other autoimmune diseases. 1998 Lin JP such reports, the 43 Caucasian pedigree survey, indicating that the genetic pairs of RA and other autoimmune diseases have a significant effect.
|
