Female internal genital organs, fallopian tube, ovary, uterus known as the annex. Annex inflammation is inflammation of fallopian tubes and ovaries. Inflammation in the pelvic organs to salpingitis most common, due to anatomical relationship between the adjacent, often salpingitis, oophoritis, pelvic peritonitis coexist and influence each other.

Annex inflammation symptoms

Annexitis not only give women infertility, secondary sexual characteristics weaken disappeared can still be a direct result of endocrine disorders, resulting in premature aging of skin, stole a woman's beauty. Therefore, early discovery and treatment required.

In general, the annex inflammation is caused by pathogenic microorganisms after invasive genital fallopian tubes, ovaries infected with common diseases. Divided into acute and chronic. Annex symptoms of acute inflammation, such as fever, chills, abdominal pain and so on. Different degrees of chronic inflammation attachment of abdominal pain, or abdominal bulge, and involves a sense of time when the light weight, accompanied by increased vaginal discharge, backache, menstrual disorders and other symptoms.

Cause inflammation of the several reasons for attachment

1. After childbirth or abortion decreased as resistance, pathogen infection by the germ line trail and spread to fallopian tubes, ovary, then the whole pelvic cavity, causing inflammation.

2.  While widely used in the IUD, the patient not pay attention to personal hygiene or surgical operation is not strictly caused.

3. Carried out without strict sterilization intrauterine operations, such as aspiration of uterus, hysterosalpingography, cervical canal therapy, and surgical sterilization is not strict obstetric infections.

4. Pay no attention to menstrual hygiene, menstruation or sexual intercourse and other dirty.

5. Other parts of the body, without prompt treatment of infection, the bacteria can cause the spread of blood-line ovarian tubal inflammation, more common in tuberculosis disease.

6. Or tubal pelvic inflammation adjacent organs such as appendicitis, may lead to fallopian tube ovary by direct spread of inflammation, pelvic peritonitis, the inflammation usually occurs in the adjacent side of the fallopian tube and ovary.

7. Sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, gonorrheal infection can spread upward along the mucous membrane, causing tubal, ovarian inflammation.

Acute inflammation of the protective methods of attachment

Suffering from the consequences of acute salpingitis, the more serious because the doctor not treated early, persistent long time, difficult to cure, physical and mental health of women and cause great harm. So the key to reduce the occurrence of Annex inflammation is an early preventive measures, from the early start, do the following, in order to prevent the invasion of pathogens.

 1. When women have sex, and sexual partners should be attentive to their personal hygiene. Intercourse beforehand, both men and women need to clean the external genitalia, to prevent the invasion of the smooth bacteria. Women when vaginal bleeding should prohibit sexual self-restraint.

2. Women should pay attention to their genital health and personal hygiene; attention to sanitary ware and bathroom to prevent from infection.

3. Women should pay attention to their nutrition and health, strengthen the menstrual period, post-abortion, after delivery of nutrition; enhance their physical fitness, increase resistance, immunity, reduce the incidence of illness.

4. The need for abortion, childbirth, surgery, surgery to take place IUD, and other bureaucratic procedure should be strictly sterilized, to prevent the bacteria into the vagina by surgery and the uterus, causing human infection.

5. With acute symptoms of women with tubal, is to take semi-supine rest, to prevent and limit the inflammatory fluid flow due to changes in posture. Consumption of high nutrition, easily digested, rich in vitamin food.

6. Female, once with Annex disease, treatment should observe the principle, adopt a positive attitude and thorough treatment, control of the disease as soon as possible to prevent the chronic.

Family therapy measures annexitis

1 Strengthening the menstrual, postpartum, after abortion, personal hygiene, underwear and sanitary napkins often, avoid cold, should not overworked.

2. Food-based diet should be light. 多More nutritious food such as fresh: eggs, tofu, bean, spinach. don't eat  cold and bland food.

3. Avoid intercourse menstrual period to avoid infection.  Menstrual pads should pay attention to sanitation, the best disinfectant toilet paper.

4. Annex inflammation easily lead to body heat, so pay attention to drink plenty of water to lower body temperature.

5. As far as possible to avoid unnecessary gynecological examination in order to avoid expansion of infection, inflammation caused by diffusion.

6. Medical personnel in childbirth, abortion intrauterine surgical procedures should be strictly sterilized, sterile operating rules strictly to avoid infection and inflammation lead to attachment. As a precaution, chats with the appropriate antibiotics after surgery to prevent infection.

                                                                                                                                                    2010-08-17

pelvic inflammatory disease refers to women on reproductive tract and surrounding tissue inflammation, may be confined to one area would also have involved several sites, the most common is salpingitis, tubal oophoritis.

Pelvic inflammatory disease mostly occurs in sexually active, menstruating women before menarche, after menopause or unmarried rare pelvic inflammatory disease.

 Three types of clinical manifestations of pelvic inflammatory disease

1.Acute pelvic inflammatory disease: Acute pelvic inflammatory disease refers to the female genitalia and the surrounding connective tissue within the pelvic peritoneum occurred in acute inflammation.

Typical symptoms are fever, abdominal pain, refused to press, vaginal discharge quantity, was purulent. Can be associated with fatigue, back pain, menstrual disorders. Severe cases as can be seen high fever, chills, headache, loss of appetite.If peritonitis is nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and other gastrointestinal symptoms. If abscess formation may occur in front of the bladder symptoms including urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria; in the rectum to stimulate only after symptoms appear, such as tenesmus, anal bulge, such as diarrhea and constipation.

2. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease: chronic pelvic inflammatory disease refers to the female genitalia within and around the connective tissue, chronic inflammation of the pelvic peritoneum.

The main clinical manifestations of menstrual disorders, vaginal discharge increased, waist pain and infertility, such as inflammation has become chronic attachment may palpable mass. Systemic symptoms were not obvious, and sometimes have fever, fatigue susceptibility. Longer duration, some patients have symptoms of neurasthenia.

3. Tuberculous pelvic inflammatory disease: female genital inflammation caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis known as genital tuberculosis, also known as tuberculous pelvic inflammatory disease.

Clinical manifestations of genital tuberculosis is very inconsistent, and many patients can be asymptomatic, some patients are more severe symptoms. Early due to congestion and endometrial ulcer, menorrhagia can occur. Late endometrial varying degrees of damage, and performance for the period of scarce or amenorrhea. Because pelvic inflammatory disease and adhesions, may have varying degrees of lower abdominal pain fall, menstrual increase.If the activity, and may have general symptoms of TB such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, fever and sometimes only a menstrual period. Tube stiffness, creep limited, the loss of their functions, we can not conceive, so vast majority of infertility patients.

Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease Points

1. To eliminate a variety of infection routes, to keep the perineum clean, dry, clean the vulva with water every night, so that special hand basin, wash the vagina must not hand dig within, not in hot water, soap and other washing vulva. not wearing tight, synthetic underwear texture.

2. Menstrual period, and after abortion, the IUD after gynecological surgery such as vaginal bleeding, we must prohibit sex life, prohibition of swimming, bath, wash sauna to Changing sanitary napkins, so when the body defenses are weakened, pathogens easy to take advantage of infiltration, causing infection.

3. Fever, general sweating when fever patients more, to keep warm, keep the body dry, after sweating to change underwear, avoid blowing air convection or wind blowing straight.

4. Diet nursing, to strengthen nutrition. don't eat grilled oily, spicy things. Lower abdomen, cold fear, lumbar pain who are cold coagulation Qi stagnation, in the diet can be given to ginger, brown water, Gui-yuan hot foods such as meat. Five upset hot, low back pain are mostly yin, can love and care of meat products eggs, flesh and blood to nourish strong.

5. Good contraception to minimize the trauma of abortion. Strict aseptic surgery; avoid invasive pathogens.

The treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease

1. psychological treatment. General treatment of patients thought to lift concerns, and enhance the confidence of the treatment, nutrition, exercise, attention to work and rest, increase body resistance.

2. traditional Chinese medicine. Damp-heat mostly with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, treatment Zeyi clearing away heat. Traditional main prescriptions with: Salvia 18g, Radix 15g, woody 12g, peach kernel 9g, honeysuckle 30g, dandelion 30g, Poria 12g, paeonol 9g, habitat 9g. Pain when weight increases Corydalis 9g.Some patients Cold Coagulation Qi stagnation, government was warm the cold-dispelling. Cinnamon Twig and Poria Decoction used. Deficiency were added Codonopsis 15g, Atractylodes 9g, Astragalus 15g.

3. Physical therapy. Warm benign pelvic stimulation can promote blood circulation. To improve the nutritional status of the organization, improve metabolism to facilitate absorption and inflammation subsided.  Commonly used with short wave, FM, iontophoresis (may include various drugs such as penicillin, streptomycin, etc.), wax treatment and so on.

4. other drug treatment. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs, they can also use α-chymotrypsin 5mg or hyaluronidase 1500U, intramuscular injection every other day 1, 5 to 10 times as a course in order to facilitate the absorption of adhesion and inflammation. Individual patient allergies should be local or systemic drug withdrawal. In some cases, application of antibiotics and dexamethasone at the same time, oral dexamethasone 0.75mg, 3 times a day, stopping when the attention is gradually reducing.

5. surgery. Have mass, such as hydrosalpinx or tubal surgery ovarian cyst feasible; presence of foci of small, repeated inflammation caused by surgical treatment should preferably be made of. The principle of operation to completely heal and avoid further recurrence of the lesion left behind the opportunity, unilateral oophorectomy or hysterectomy surgery and bilateral oophorectomy patients.Young women should be kept on ovarian function.  Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease monotherapy less effective, integrated treatment is appropriate.

                                                                                                                                                                     2010-08-16

B vitamins are safe, but they don't appear to protect those who have suffered a stroke from heart attacks or new strokes, a large study shows for the first time.

The overall risk of suffering one of these events -- between 15 and 17 percent -- was similar for patients taking vitamins and placebo pills, respectively.

Until bigger studies have been done, lead author Dr. Graeme Hankey, of the University of Western Australia in Perth, suggested that stroke patients try to reduce their risk through a healthier lifestyle. If necessary, he added, medications such as aspirin and cholesterol-lowering drugs may help.

The new findings, published in The Lancet Neurology, come in the wake of a study showing B vitamins don't protect people who've had heart attacks either. (See Reuters Health story of June 22, 2010.)

Since the early 1990s, the hope had been that vitamins -- specifically, folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 -- would be a cheap and safe way to protect the ticker.

Studies had shown blood levels of the amino acid homocysteine were high in people with heart disease. Researchers speculated that lowering homocysteine levels with B vitamins might in turn safeguard the heart and decrease the risk of strokes.

To test that, Hankey and colleagues followed more than 8,000 stroke patients for about 3 and a half years, on average. The researchers randomly assigned patients to take either inactive placebo pills or vitamins.

There were no differences in side effects between the two groups. In the placebo group, 114 (3 percent) died from heart attack, compared to 118 (3 percent) in the vitamin group. For stroke, the numbers were 388 (10 percent) and 360 (9 percent), respectively.

In a study of this size, Hankey said in an e-mail to Reuters Health, it couldn't be ruled out that even that slight difference was due to nothing but chance.

Neurologist Dr. Peter Sandercock of the Western General Hospital in Edinburgh, UK, said it was clear B vitamins didn't help people who'd suffered heart attacks.

And for healthy people, he told Reuters Health, "supplementing your diet by swallowing vitamins is probably never going to be worthwhile."

But in an editorial, he called for larger studies of strokes, which he said affect as many as 15 million people worldwide every year.

"The problem is that stroke is a huge global problem," said Sandercock, who wasn't involved in the new research. Even if the protective effect of B vitamins is small, "you don't want to close the door to something as cheap and simple as vitamin treatment."

He said it was going to be difficult to find sponsors to fund studies of a sufficient size -- between 20,000 and 30,000 patients.

                                                                                                                                                                    2010-08-15