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Cancer of the Testicle is usually a cancer of the man of less than 40 years. He represents 1% of the man's cancers (all disconcerted ages) and 30% of the cancers of the young man.
His is prognosis depends on the histological type (several microscopic varieties exist) and of the diffusion at the time of the diagnosis.
..The tumors say "germinal" are from afar the most frequent:
* The séminome (40% of all testicular tumors) is a tumor of good prognosis if the diagnosis is precocious, because it is sensitive to the radiotherapy, that is to say that the rays can have the tumor decreased; * The other germinal tumors are said "germinal" non séminomateuses: the tératocarcinome (30% of the cancers of the testicle), the embryonic carcinoma (20% of the cancers of the testicle) and the choriocarcinome (rarer). These tumors are more aggressive than the séminome and they are not sensitive to the radiotherapy.
..Several types of tumors are frequently associated (mixed tumors)
The non germinal tumors represent less 10% of the tumors of the testicle (tumors of Leydig, of Sertoli.).
.. Reasons and factors of risk
The main factor encouraging is the personal antecedent of cryptorchidie (absence of one or the two testes in the purse, that is situated then in the abdominal cavity because they didn't descend in the purse at the time of the life of the embryo).
Incidentally, the testicular melting (after a traumatism, a viral infection or for a congenital reason) is a lot a factor less important.
.. The signs of the illness
The patient often discovers himself an increase of volume of a purse, or feels a sensation of weight. Sometimes, the patient feels a swelling (ball) of a testicle. This swelling is hard and painless. The physician finds to the palpation a hardened mass that is in continuity with the testicle. He arrives that the testicle is entirely tumorous, increased of volume and very hard.
There is not any trouble mictionnel (not of burns while urinating, normal frequency of the mictions, etc.).
The other testicle is examined systematically, as well as the other organs that are in the purses (elements of the spermatic cord). These are normal. It is exceptional that a cancer of the testicle provokes a real pain.
To an advanced stage, the cancer of the testicle can be revealed by a metastasis (tumorous ganglia) or a change of the general state (thinning, anorexia.).
A gynécomastie (increase of volume of the breasts) can be associated, in particular for the choriocarcinomes.
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