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Tendinitis of the shoulders, syndrome of the carpal channel, illnesses of the elbow. A silent epidemic hits the joints of the French. The musculo-skeletal unrests represent the first problem of health to work. According to a recent investigation, close to a salaried employee out of ten would be victim of daily pains. "Bomb delayed-action", "new epidemic." The explosion of the musculo-skeletal unrests, more known under the TMS abbreviation, becomes one of the preoccupying questions in health of work. United November 15, 2005 to the Ministry of health, some experts plead for a better prevention of these illnesses. ..A phenomenon in explosion Under the generic term of TMS hide about fifteen recognized illnesses like professional illnesses. But the very definition of these unrests remained so much difficult she is vast and cover with affections of the shoulder, of the elbow, the wrist, the hand and the fingers, but also the knee, the ankle and the foot. In spite of it, their explosion since the last decades in all industrialized countries is today a certainty. These are more especially the attacks of the superior members that increased, nothing proves indeed that the lombalgies is more frequent today. Currently, the TMS of the superior member represent two third of the total of the professional illnesses indemnified. The last weekly epidemiological Bulletin (BEH) * permits to fear this phenomenon better in France. In spite of the under-declaration, these data testify because it is well there about the first problem of health to work in France. A problem of as much more preoccupying that he continue to take the size. close to 24 000 cases of TMS have been indemnified in 2003 against 2 602 in 1992 (either nearly 10 times less)! The hold in charge of these professional illnesses represents 541 millions of euros in 2003 and more 689 millions of euros if the lombalgies is taken in account! ..Of the daily pains for close to a salaried employee out of ten. The pilot network put in place in the Countries of Loire with the support of 80 physicians of work permits to have a more precise idea of these TMS in France. And the numbers gotten from the declarations of near 2 700 salaried employees are astonishing: . During the past year, more of the half of the salaried employees suffered from pains or hindrance in the superior members, mainly to the level of the neck and shoulders. For close to a salaried employee out of thirteen (7%), the symptoms were daily; . A TMS has been diagnosed at 15% of the women and 11% of the men. The tendinitis of the shoulder are the most frequent in front of the syndrome of the carpal channel and the épicondylite (chatty of the pains to the level of the elbow); . Finally, the frequency of the TMS increases with age and the sectors of activity the more touched are the industrial sectors (car, agroalimentary.), agriculture and the administration. The non qualified workers are touched them. Besides mechanical origins, psycho-social factors like a psychological fragility or a social isolation could contribute to perpetuate these unrests. Of the numbers that reveal the size of the phenomenon, especially as the authors of these studies insist on their under-declarations. Too few physicians declare the illnesses again of professional nature. ..A necessary improvement of the work conditions Why does one attend an explosion of the TMS? More that a better declaration of these illnesses, the origin of this phenomenon is before bound quite to a deterioration of the work conditions with an increase of the work rhythms, of the pressure, of the segmented work (implying repetitive tasks) and a reduction of the pause times. Facing this deleterious situation, the authors estimate that it is urgent to "put a politics of precocious prevention of the TMS in place in the enterprises to reduce the exhibition to the risk, but also to constitute multidisciplinary networks of prevention in order to improve the hold in médico-psychosocial charge to guarantee the maintenance and the return to the work of the salaried employees enduring TMS. Such a gait requires "a global approach of the prevention of the TMS in the enterprises and require a strong mobilization of the set of the actors of the prevention of the professional risks (enterprises, social partners, public powers)." Next stage, the network of surveillance of these TMS should become national since the next year. It is one of the priorities of plan Health to Work (2005-2009) of the ministry of the employment, work and the social cohesion that aims notably to reduce 20% 2009 on the horizon the number of declared TMS. 2008-12-05
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